この文章の理解ができません。とくに赤の四角で囲ってある部分の訳ができないので教えてください。

The difference between a verbal participle and a gerund is not always obvious, but note what is really said in each of the following. Do you mind me asking a question? Do you mind my asking a question? In the first sentence, the queried objection is to me, as op- posed to other members of the group, asking a question. In the second example, the issue is whether a question may be asked at all.

写真 2枚目の上の方にある 、asがどの用法のasか分かりません。 あなたが それらを観察するようにみたいな感じなんですかね？

4 1 Biologists [who study the evolution of human speech have S demonstrated that spoken language emerges (from our use of hand 0 and facial gestures)>, and a recent neuroimaging study showed that S 0 hand gestures and speech originate (in the same language-related area of the brain) >. 和訳 人間の話し方の進化を研究している生物学者たちは、話し言葉は私たちが手 振りと顔の表情を使うことから生まれるということを明らかにしており、 最近の 神経画像処理研究では、手ぶりと言葉は脳の言語に関連する同じ領域から生 まれていることがわかった。 originate 「起源とする」 2 This overlap [between words and gestures] appears to be associated with a rare cluster of brain cells [called "mirror neurons." 0 109 和訳 この言葉とジェスチャーの重複は、 「ミラー神経細胞」 と呼ばれる数少ない脳 細胞の塊に関連があるようだ。 cluster 「塊」 3 The neurons that fire in someone's brain (when they make a specific S

この場合、「,so that ~」に対応するカンマはどれですか？あと、必ずしも直前には来ないんですか？

41 <.... so that ~ > は 「結果」 を表す 前の部分とのつながりを考えて、下線部を訳しなさい Non-verbal signals play an important role in communicating attitudes and affect, in expressing emotions, in supporting speech by elaborating on what is said, by providing feedback from listener to sender and by synchronizing verbal interactions so that the participants know when it is their turn to speak and when it is their turn to listen, when it is appropriate to interrupt, and so on. 19 法 (工学院大) so that の前にカンマがある場合, すなわちく..., so that> は、 「そしてその 結果~」という「結果」 を表します。 通例 so の前にカンマがありますが、例

解説にこのように書かれていますが、文章の訳的に used- はlinguistic variety にかかっていませんか？ この説明だと、totalityがusedされることになってしまいませんか？ 説明が下手ですみません

in different situations and for different purposes. ⑩12 The and they may totality of linguistic varieties used in this way be very many by a particular community of speakers can be called that linguistic "community's verbal repertoire*."

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V 〔1〕次の(A)~(E) それぞれの文を完成させるのに、下線部に入れる語として最も 適当なものを (1)~(4) から一つ選び、その番号を解答欄にマークしなさい。 (A) Please (1) confirm (3) invade (B) The (1) contract (3) logic (C) Please do not (1) calculate (3) interrupt your plans by email. (2) frighten (4) slice struck so close that the building shook. (2) lightning (4) objection the boss while she is talking. (2) forecast (4) simplify (D) My doctor advised me to only drink coffee (1) cruelly (3) potentially (E) We are using awards as (1) a chimney (3) an incentive (2) occasionally (4) verbally for students to study harder. (2) a senator (4) an orator Boun

10のカッコには英語が入るんですが、何が入りますか？

9) Many good speakers use non-verbal communication in presentations. For example, they skeep eye contact with the audience while they are speaking. They move their eyes from person to person, 100r group to group. By doing so, the listeners may 12pay more attention to 13what the speaker is saying. is 14 In many non-verbal cases, unconscious. 15It can cause misunderstandings because the meanings differ from place to place. On the other hand, it can be an effective communication tool. If you 16are aware of the importance of non-verbal communication and can use it well, you will be able to convey your thoughts and feelings more effectively to many people. 8. keep eye contact with A 9. while ~する一方で 10. or ( communication 「Aと目を合わせ続ける ) group to group cf. make eye con A

chronemics ってどういう意味ですか？

9行目、length to beのこのto beはなんですか？ 不定詞の形容詞用法なのでしょうか。 to be Cの形は見たことがありません。 教えてください🙇‍♀️

It is only when th another person that a real basis for ed. While some people can make us feel comfortable others make us feel ill at ease and some seem untrustworthy. s has to do with the length of time that they look at us or with how long hold our gaze as they speak. この内容が関係してる等位は後ろ見て、見る!!! のは手前、 Michael Argyle, a pioneer of social psychology and nonverbal communication skills in Britain, found that when Westerners and Europeans talk, their average, gaze commun time 相互に、お互い is 61%, consisting of 41% gaze time when talking 75% when listening and 31% mutual V C 10 mutual gaze was 1.18 seconds. gazing. He recorded the average gaze length to be 2.95 seconds and the length of a We found that the amount (of eye contact) in a typical conversation ranges from 25% to 100%, depending on who's talking and what culture (2) AL'X they're from? When we talk we maintain 40 to 60% eye contact with an average of 注目すべき 80% eye contact when listening. The notable exception to this rule is Japan and some Asian and South American cultures, (where extended eye contact is seen as aggressive 15 or disrespectful. The Japanese tend to look away or at your throat, which can be A *disconcerting for culturally inexperienced Westerners and Europeans. Argyle found that when person A likes person B, he will look at him a lot. This 1 1:1 him 21

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する つを さつ 3 How does religion or culture influence non-verbal communication? 宗教や文化は非言語コミュニケーションにどのような影響を受けるのか? 1 しい py Non-verbal communication is strongly influenced by religion or culture. For example, in Japan bow when we greet, while in many other Asian 3 countries people put their hands together. The id mi alveni Maori greeting is another interesting example. Maori people put their noses together. 6 In the US, people are told to look directly at each other when they are talking. This can show on inhib 7. ad cercanos trozottic honesty and interest. However, people in South vona rqqan Korea tend to avoid making long eye contact with G-3 older people. They think it more polite to look to the side from time to time during a conversation. d S

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How does non-verbal communication differ from place to place? しさ 14 Non-verbal communication is different in different places. For example, smiling expresses um woh G-2 thg 10 happiness in many countries, while in Japan, it can express embarrassment. Shaking one's head 1951 100 (18) JedW usually means "no," but it can show the opposite meaning in Bulgaria. Other gestures can show different meanings 5. from place to place, too. For instance, we make a V-sign when we take pictures. This sign has a positive meaning in many parts of the world. However, if you show the V-sign with the back of bras your hand in Britain, it is an insult. 7.