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Dinosaur Fossils In the past century, one of the most amazing findings by scientists has been dinosaur bones. Dinosaur bones also called fossils are the remains of old dinosaur skeletons. Sometimes scientists who discover dinosaur fossils just find footprints in the dirt. Other times, they find enough fossils to make a complete dinosaur. But how do dinosaur bones that are millions of years old get turned into fossils? How can something buried beneath dirt and sand last for so long? Fossil Formation When dinosaurs or other ancient animal or plant life dies, a gradual process begins. (A) Then the dead dinosaur is eventually covered by dirt and mud. (B) This leaves the hardest parts of the dinosaur- bones and teeth. (C) After thousands of years, the chemicals in the buried dinosaur's body go through a series of changes. (D) As the bone slowly decays, groundwater gets inside the bone. The minerals in the groundwater are replaced with the chemicals in the bone. These minerals are the same as the surrounding rock. As the dinosaur bone turns into a fossil, it becomes a heavy, rock-like version of the original dinosaur. It is now officially called a fossil. When scientists look for dinosaur fossils, they look for specific rock types. Fossils are usually found in either shale, siltstone, mudstone, or sandstone. Preservation (E) Preservation is an important word when studying fossils. (F) It means to keep something in the same condition for a long time. (G) One of the best examples of dinosaur fossils is in the Field Museum in Chicago. (H) The Tyrannosaurus Rex (or T-Rex) was the fiercest and largest dinosaur on the planet. It was a carnivore, or meat eater. T-Rex liked to eat smaller dinosaurs for dinner, using its powerful jaws to crush its victims. The skeleton of Sue was discovered in the dry plains of South Dakota in 1990 by Sue Henderson, a scientist. By studying prehistoric fossils, we can learn about life millions of years ago.

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owl with Characters Larger tha In any book, cartoon or film we all love to see the heroes defeat the villains, save the world, win the girl and live happily ever after. But just between you and me, don't we feel a little bit sorry for the villains as well? Batman is the superhero protector of Gotham City. After witnessing the murder of his parents as a child, he swore to fight crime. He does not have any superhuman powers, but relies on his intelligence, athletic ability and scientific knowledge. He wears a costume that acts like armour. His cape can spread out like wings which can be used to glide down safely from heights. As a crime fighter, Batman faces several enemies. His biggest enemy is the Joker, a violent maniac with a clown-like appearance. The Joker, a master criminal, has chalk- white skin, green hair and a permanent grin stretched across his face. At one time he can be mischievous and funny, but at other times violent, brutal and cruel. He has no superpowers, instead he is intelligent and good at chemical engineering and weapon design, which he uses to create instruments of terror. One of the most powerful villains is Thanos. He is much larger than the average human, with powerful muscles, a broad face and purple skin. He often wears Life a protective suit of armour, and a glove that can harness power from infinity stones. Thanos plans to use this power to erase half of the human population. Due to this, he is seen as an enemy by many, notably Iron Man who teams up with other heroes, the Avengers, to try to stop him. Iron Man is identified by the armour he wears, which he largely made for himself. Though he has no superpowers, his armoured suit gives him strength, makes him fly, and shoots rays from the palms of his metal gloves. He also has a device on his chest that helps his damaged heart to beat well. Once a good fairy, Maleficent suffered a betrayal from King Stefan that turned her pure heart to evil. To revenge, she placed a curse upon the king's newborn daughter, Princess Aurora, which she makes to only be broken by the kiss of true love. Later on, Maleficent developed a maternal love for the princess. That love broke the curse when she kissed Aurora on the forehead. Whether heroes or villains, these are the characters I admire the most. I love to watch the heroes fight the villains and eventually see good win over evil. I also can't help feeling for the villains and their weaknesses; I just love to hate them! These stories are timeless and the characters are definitely larger than life.

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20 10 15 Study Suggests Sitting Less Can Extend Life Track 6 Karzmarzy studies, which government-ru people spend Not only sitting less, th could add an People ask, "Is it eve "That's never too la know that y Katzmarzyl Cham to desk de "Tha They may desk. I've for every can go fo Katzmar • By Rebecca Widiss VOAnews.com hat's the best seat in the house? It may be whichever one you use the least. New research suggests that cutting daily sitting time to less than three hours might extend your life by two years. W Humans were designed to move. But modern lifestyles and office jobs rarely prom us to roam around. Quite the opposite, says Peter Katzmarzyk, an epidemiologist at the University of Louisiana. "Sitting is ubiquitous in our lives today. You know, we sit while we're eating, we sit in the car, we sit while we watch TV. And many of us sit for many hours at work. So on average, Americans report they sit between four and a half to five hours a day," Katzma said. team to And, as he says, those chair-centered days matter to our health, just like exercise "We can't throw away physical activity. It's extremely important. We have 60 years of research showing us that. But sedentary behavior is also important. . . . If you exercis for 30 minutes a day. What goes on in the other 23 and a half hours a day is also very important," Katzmarzyk said. Ka occupa and do we sp Katzmarzyk and his colleagues are part of a new generation of researchers trying discover how sitting all day affects our lifespans. "This is a relatively new area of study. . . . Studies that have assessed the relations between sitting and mortality or television viewing and mortality are very rare. There's of been a few of them, actually five or six now, in the last four or five years," said Katzman 66

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