Question

くま

左の写真ではspeakの後toがついてるんですけど、
右の2の(8)ではSpanish is spoken in Mexico.
が答えで、何故toはつかないんですか？

138 The
139 She is known to everyone.
140 I am interested in math.
141 That job will be done by Bob.
▶Key Points
123212
私は数学に
その仕事は
① 動詞句〔動詞+副詞・ 前置詞など〕のある文の受動態･･････受
とさないように注意。
laugh at ~
(~を笑う)
take care of ~ ( 〜の
A
run over
(〈車が〉 ~をひく)
・cut down ~(~を切
look after~(~の世
V. Speak to~ (~に話しかける)
② by 以外の前置詞を使う受動態･･････ 連語として覚えてしまう
・be known to ~ (~に知られている)
• be made of 〈材料〉 (~で作られている)
be covered with
~
③ 過去分詞から派生した形容詞を含む連語
be filled
be made
(~でおおわれている)
G
be interested in ~ (~に興味をもっている)
•
be sur
be pleased with
~
(~が気に入っている
be crow
V.
lo
be satisfied with ~ (~に満足している)
④ 日本語では能動態 (~する) だが,英語では受動態で表現す
•
be born (生まれる) I was born on November 15,
be moved (感動する) I was moved by the music.
15 助動詞のある文の受動態
Tam

1 次の文の
(1) This room is
(2) The girls are
(3) Baseball is
STEP 1
( )内の動詞を適する形になおして書きなさい。
(4) German and French are
(5) My mother was
(6) These cakes were
(7) That window was
by the boys. (clean)
the room now.
(clean)
by many Japanese people. (love)
2 次の文を受動態に書きかえるとき,
My brother took those pictures.
Those pictures
(2) Many people visit this park.
->
This park
(3) Betty found the watch.
at our school. (teach)
cakes in the kitchen.
(make)
by my mother. (make)
に適する語を書きなさい。
PA3
⑥6
by Hiroshi. (break)
by my brother.
by many people.
→ The watch
(4) Bill wrote the letter. → The letter
(5) Many people read the book last year.
文
bel od
by Betty.
by Bill.
The book
by many people last year.
(6) They sell rice at that store.
→ Rice
SUP
at that store.
←
This word
still
today.
in Mexico.
PA⑦8
(7) We still use this word today.
(8) They speak Spanish in Mexico.
→> Spanish
3 次の文を []内の指示にしたがって書きかえなさい。
(1) This cap was bought by Hajime. [否定文に〕
(2) We are invited to the party.
[否定文に〕
(3) His mother is helped by Ben. 〔疑問文にして, No で答える〕
No,
(4) These pictures were taken by Masao 〔疑問文にして, Yes で答える〕
4 次の文を能動態に書きかえなさい。
The little dog is kept by Rie.
(2) This
Were
map was drawn by my mother.
you
invited to the dance by Jim?
(4) Her voice was heard by everyone.
These dial
Yes,
P

Answer 1

✨ ベストアンサー ✨

あさやん

speak to 人
は「人に話しかける」という意味で、
受動態は be spoken to by〜 となり、「〜に話しかけられる」の意味になります。

例文を挙げると、
An American spoke to me. 「あるアメリカ人が私に話しかけた」
これを受動態に書き換えれば、
I was spoken to by an American.「私はあるアメリカ人によって話しかけられた」
となります。

They speak English in America.
なら、これを受動態の文にすると
English is spoken in America by them.
となりますが、by them は「一般的な人(その国の人々)」を表すので省略され、
English is spoken in America.
とするのが普通です。

Spanish is spoken in Mexico.
は、もとの能動態が
They speak Spanish in Mexico.
である訳ですから、そもそも be spoken to by にする必要がありません。

speak to someone は「誰か(人)に話しかける」です。speak Spanish in Mexico なら「スペイン語をメキシコで話す」の意味であります。「人に話しかける」と「ある国で言語を話す」とでは意味が違うのですから、受動態にしても同様の相違が表れます。

くま

ありがとうございます！