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解説読んでも分かりません
→ 解説文が提示されていないためにその内容が分かりませんが、以下の4つの例文1.~4. を覚えておけば良いと思います。
①【後ろの動詞の時制=前の動詞の時制】
1. They say(現在) that Ken wants(現在) to study abroad while he is in high school.
= Ken [is said](現在・受動態) [to want](不定詞) to study abroad while he is in high school.
ケンは高校在学中に[留学したい]と[言われています]。
2. They said(過去) that Ken wanted(過去) to study abroad while he was in high school.
= Ken [was said](過去・受動態) [to want](不定詞) to study abroad while he was in high school.
ケンは高校在学中に[留学したい]と言[われていました]。
※be said to ~ ~すると言われている、~するそうです
②【後ろの動詞の時制≠前の動詞の時制:後ろの時制が前よりも古い時制】
3. They say(現在) that Ken wanted(過去) to study abroad while he was in high school.
= Ken [is said](現在・受動態) [to have wanted](不定詞・完了形:前の動詞(is said)よりも古い時制を表す) to study abroad while he was in high school.
ケンは高校在学中に[留学したかった]と[言われています]。
4. They said(過去) that Ken [had wanted](過去完了) to study abroad while he was in high school.
= Ken [was said] (過去・受動態) [to have wanted] (不定詞・完了形:前の動詞(was said)よりも古い時制を表す) to study abroad while he was in high school.
ケンは高校在学中に[留学したかった]と[言われていました]。
※be said [to have ~ed](不定詞・完了形) [~した]と言われている、[~した]そうです
参考にしてください。
[正しい文を選びなさい]
① It [is believed](現在) that he [has made](現在完了) a fortune [in his youth].
※×has made:現在完了+in his youth(若い時:過去) → 〇made(過去)+in his youth
② ✕He is believed that he made … → 〇He is believed [to have made](不定詞・完了形) a fortune in his youth.
③ 〇 = It [is believed](現在) that he [made](過去) a fortune in his youth. 彼は若い時に財産を築いたと信じられている。
④ ×He [is believed](現在) [to make] a fortune in his youth. = ✕It [is believed] that he [makes](現在) a fortune in his youth.
→ 〇It is believed that he made(過去) a fortune in his youth./〇He is believed to have made a fortune in his youth.