最後のsaid〜の部分の構文がわかりません。 なぜ，V Sとなっているかがわかりません。 よろしくお願いします。

分からん 3 “Productivity needs to increase and distribution needs to be more S V S V C efficient, (including by reducing food loss and waste), (in order to including ~ → 具体例! noitouborg ( achieve food security and improve nutrition (for the growing world population))," said the ministers' declaration [issued May 12]. うなってる V S | 和訳 「増え続ける世界人口のために食糧安全保障を達成し、 栄養状態を改善するた めには、食品ロスや食品廃棄物を削減するなどして、 生産性を高め、 流通を効 率化する必要があります」 と、 5月12日に発出された大臣宣言に記載されている。 · 語句 productivity 「生産性 生産力」、 distribution 「流通・配分」、 achieve 「達成 する」、 nutrition 「栄養」 declaration 「宣言 公表・声明」

このbyの部分がわかりません。 includingが前置詞なのにその後に前置詞が来るのがわかりません。 よろしくお願いします。

③ “Productivity needs to increase and distribution needs to be more S V S V C efficient, (including by reducing food loss and waste), (in order to Cincluding → 具体例! 41saishi has bool to aoitsuboro achieve food_security and improve nutrition (for the growing world 2015 hodiny of adidas D population))," said the ministers' declaration [issued May 12]. V S | 和訳 「増え続ける世界人口のために食糧安全保障を達成し、栄養状態を改善するた めには、食品ロスや食品廃棄物を削減するなどして、 生産性を高め、 流通を効 率化する必要があります」 と、 5月12日に発出された大臣宣言に記載されている。 語句 productivity 「生産性・生産力」、 distribution 「流通・配分」、 achieve 「達成 する」、nutrition 「栄養」、 declaration 「宣言・公表・声明」

moraleという単語はtoeic用の単語帳にもなく、また私の知らない単語だったのですがこの問題はmoraleの意味を知らないと解けないですよね？ 900点台なんか求めていない場合、（知らない単語をひたすら覚える必要がないので）捨ててもいい系の問題ですか？（moraleを知... 続きを読む

37. This book contains 15 tips to help improve- boost productivity within an organization. _ (A) employ Ser(B) employed (C) employs (D) employee morale and

Competition among teams has been working extremely ---- to achieve the goal of increasing productivity. ①effective ②effect ③effects ④effe... 続きを読む

この誤り箇所指摘の問題が分からないのでよろしくお願いします。

【4】 次の1~10について, 誤った英語表現を含んだ部分がある場合には(a)~(d)から誤り を一つ選び,誤りがない場合には (e) を選んでマーク解答用紙にマークせよ。 1. In (a) classical Islamic history there could be no clash between since the caliph, the titular head of the Islamic state and community, (b) combined in pope and emperor, himself both (c) political or religious-though (a) not spiritual-authority. NO ERROR 2. The years (a) immediately following the end of the Cold War offered (ú) a tantalizing glimpse of a new kind of international order, with nation-states growing together or disappearing, ideological conflicts (c) melting away, cultures intermingling, and free commerce and communications (a) increasing. NO ERROR 3. Despite the growth of the economy, or perhaps (a) in part because of it, and because, as well, (b) the vast rural exodus owing to both (c) population growth and increasing agricultural productivity, workers (a) crowded into urban slums. NO ERR 4. Malthus, Ricardo, Marx, and (a) many others had been talking about inequalities for decades without citing any sources (b) whatsoever or any methods for (c) comparison NO ERROR one era with (a) another. 5. The religious differences between Europe and the United States are (a) typically described in terms of (b) beliefs and practices: Europeans are (c) far less likely than Americans (a) join and attend houses of worship or to believe in heaven and hell. NO ERROR

この誤り箇所指摘の問題が分からないのでよろしくお願いします。

【4】 次の1~10について, 誤った英語表現を含んだ部分がある場合には(a)~(d)から誤り を一つ選び,誤りがない場合には (e) を選んでマーク解答用紙にマークせよ。 1. In (a) classical Islamic history there could be no clash between since the caliph, the titular head of the Islamic state and community, (b) combined in pope and emperor, himself both (c) political or religious-though (a) not spiritual-authority. NO ERROR 2. The years (a) immediately following the end of the Cold War offered (ú) a tantalizing glimpse of a new kind of international order, with nation-states growing together or disappearing, ideological conflicts (c) melting away, cultures intermingling, and free commerce and communications (a) increasing. NO ERROR 3. Despite the growth of the economy, or perhaps (a) in part because of it, and because, as well, (b) the vast rural exodus owing to both (c) population growth and increasing agricultural productivity, workers (a) crowded into urban slums. NO ERR 4. Malthus, Ricardo, Marx, and (a) many others had been talking about inequalities for decades without citing any sources (b) whatsoever or any methods for (c) comparison NO ERROR one era with (a) another. 5. The religious differences between Europe and the United States are (a) typically described in terms of (b) beliefs and practices: Europeans are (c) far less likely than Americans (a) join and attend houses of worship or to believe in heaven and hell. NO ERROR

解答をお願いしたいです。

1】会話文を完成させるのにもっとも適切と思われる文を下からそれぞれ選び、記号で答えなさい。 (1) Hiromi: Nancy, how was your chorus contest? o! onay Nancy: Our class won the first prize. IdgO G buo3 (e へ lt nob1) Hiromi: ( a) Congratulations! b) Ill miss you! nvsl d) Sorry to hear that. a vinonogmala gor T d blavs Ce c) Not at all. (2) Woman: Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the hospital? へ damo (d Man: I'm sorry. ( orys t 0ob T(C) od a) I'ma stranger here myself. b) It's right in front of you.ob tew (e c) Turn right at the next corner. d) You can't miss it. mid orte iod vi (8) (3) Woman: This is Pat Kennedy. Can I speak with Ms. Yamada? anie Man: Im afraid she's out to lunch. Woman: OK. ( へ Tの ケ tami Man:im Certainly. t 9d irw bisow add 1evo lle dob lo mhr odT O a) Can I leave a message? b) Can you call me back? doss M c) Do you know when she will be back? d) May I have your name? dT S (4) Mom: Yumi, where are you? nug nesd ybeonls avsd enenoidibnoo tis ol danodaLA Yumi: I'm upstairs. Hurry up. We're leaving. p e Mom: Yumi: OK, mom. ( 0ye erstugaroo Inmoersg sol eubong vidavoot udo odmun oT a) Ill be right down. b) Imust be on my way. vatoabo to om c) Leave it to me. d) That's a great idea. 【2] 以下の英文をよく読み( 号で答えなさい。 1. Betty can't (, )の中に入れるのにもっとも適切と思われる単語を下からそれぞれ選び、記 mot vewi 0 2016M SL6M go9q a danol ) her dog. The dog doesn't follow her orders. 0 low v ad b. control C. twist 0 d. warn Tsdiw 20 bg a. arrest 2. Will you turn on the lights? It's too ( )in here, andI can't read the book. n a. crowded b. dark C. noisy 3o d. romantic aiteol dauod asv 3. Agood breakfast gives you ( ) for the day. qorq ne 100 900 anger ba9 b. attention C. enemy d. energy a. 2one becbre 4. This question is too difficult for me. It's ( ) for me to answer it. ddad wen C. impossible d. smart 0gr oals ade clever b. helpful a. 5. The elephant is a very big animal ( nio) has a long nose. a. it b. this C. what d. which Lardo ban sie bobigol ddoraoe ob 【3]下線部に入れるのにもっとも適切と思われるものを「Fからそれぞれ選び、記号で答えなさい。 this morning. る co bits (1) My cold is definitely a) badder c) worser 10gord d) worst b) worse

教えてほしいです！！お願いします！！

問題は【1】~【4】まである。答えは各問題の指示に従って別紙の解答用紙に書きなさい。 【1】次の英文を読んで設問に答えなさい。 Headaches are a big problem. Each year, millions of people suffer from severe headaches that affect their enjoyment of life, (1) not to mention their productivity at work. estimate, headaches cost individuals and businesses more than (2) $50 billion each year! (3) This is one of the reasons research into headaches has become a worldwide effort. Although he did not know much about how headaches work, Hippocrates was the first doctor to find a way to treat them. By 400 BC, Hippocrates had discovered that the *bark from willow trees was useful in treating pain. He made a white powder from the tree's bark and gave it to his patients. Hippocrates did not know it, but he was actually prescribing a natural chemical in willow bark called salicin. Whena person eats salicin, the chemical is changed inside his or her body into (4) salicylic acid. It turns out that salicylic acid is good for stopping pain, including headache pain, but it is bad for a person's stomach. In the 1800s, a chemist in Germany slightly changed easier for people to take. commonly known as aspirin. Aspirin was used throughout most of the 1900s to treat headaches, but doctors had little idea about what really caused headaches. When doctors can *diagnose the cause of a disease, they can find better ways to treat it. Therefore, as medical technology developed, doctors began to use it to learn more about the human brain and about headaches. In fact, according to one m to make it This new form of the chemical was called acetylsalicylic acid, now acid's Now doctors classify headaches ( A ) two general types: primary and secondary. A primary headache is a condition ( B) as only the headache itself. one caused by another physiological condition, such as an *infection or a *tumor. For primary headaches, doctors have determined three possible causes. headache is caused by stress. characteristically felt on both sides of the head as a dull, steady pain. Another kind of primary headache is the *migraine headache. Exactly what causes these headaches is not well understood, but many experts believe it could be abnormal brain activity causing changes in the brain's chemistry and blood flow. For many people, migraines are caused by certain (5) stimuli, such as poor sleep or particular foods or smells. A sufferer usually feels intense pain on one side of the head and becomes sensitive to light and noise. If the migraine is severe, the sufferer may *vomit repeatedly. The third kind of primary headache is known as the cluster headache. Cluster headaches typically occur around the same time each day for weeks or months at a time. The person ( C)from this kind of headache usually feels pain on one side of her or his head, and the pain is centered around one of the eyes. Doctors do not know much (6) at present about cluster headaches, but they seem to be more common among men and could be related to alcohol or other things that affect a person's blood flow. Using computers and more advanced medical equipment, doctors continue to learn more about what happens in the brain before and during headaches. Especially in the case of migraines, some doctors believe they have found the part of the brain that sets off the reaction for severe attacks. With these insights into brain processes, doctors hope new ways will be discovered to stop headaches before they begin. On the other hand, a secondary headache is One kind of primary Doctors usually call these tension headaches, and they are 注: bark 樹皮 diagnose ~を診断する、~を突き止める 感染症·伝染病 migraine (headache) 偏頭痛 infection tumor 腫場 vomit 食べたものを吐く (出典:READING FOR THE REAL WORLD 3rd edition, Compass Publishing より)

解答教えてください。解説もあると助かります。 ピンクやシャーペンの丸は気にしないでください🙇‍♀️ よろしくお願いします。

(1) I heard his name 23 in the doctor's office. 志味上の主勝 3 calling call calls の) called (2) He has two daughters, one of 6ne of whow (enうちのl人) 24 became a nurse. them 2 whom SV~ two who 2だと。 of the) two ひつよう! (3) Wait 25 next Monday, when I will pay you the money. for ② till ③ by to (4) Did you find anything| 26 in this magazine? 0 surprise to surprise ③ surprised surprising (5) IfI had taken an umbrella, I 27 wet now. would not be 2 would not have been have not been 4④ am not (6) Icouldn't 28 up with his rudeness. catch 2 get turn put 29 (7) Productivity increased at a more rapid rate than had been predicted has been predicted would be predicted is predicted 30 her twenties. (8) Although she looks very young, she can't be 2 in 3 from の at of 31 our sales once you have joined our company as a sales (9) You must be committed to representative. increasing 3 an increase の increases increase 32 Japanese politics in today's class. (10) Jane asked many questions (2 concerned about .concerned concerning ④ concerning about

正しい語順を教えてください。 よろしくお願いします。

20 会議は悪天候のため予定より一時間遅れています。 The meeting is (オ. bad weather 2. an hour 3, schedule 4. running 5. because ブ.0 6. behind 7. of ). 21 度重なる会議への遅刻で彼は解雇されてしまった。 Being(1. laid off . 2. late for 3. to be 4. him 5) caused 6. meetings 7. many times ). 22 本社は生産性を上げるためにシンガポールに移転するはずだ。 The headquarters ( 1 . to increase 2. Singapore 3. to 42 relocate to 5. supposed 6. in order 7. are) productivity. N