Question

Hi（受験生）

※色々書き込んでいて見にくくてすみません
い these studiesが示しているものを答えよ
という問題で答えは3でした。
これはstudyとexperimentが同じ意味だからですか？
違えば説明お願いしたいです。

easily, there can be a benefit to changing direction and trying something
(D) our
new. But our bias toward the familiar) can make it difficult to
comfort
train
Psychologists have designed experiments
participants to solve a problem one way, and then offer the option of
switching to a much faster method. (Overwhelmingly, according to Pope,)
zone.
that
people tend not to take the shortcut. "They continue with the learned
variou (of
approach, despite its inefficiency" Pope says that various versions of these
tests have reached a similar conclusion, suggesting to the psychological
x
community that this inflexible thinking is an innate part of being human.
5
But Pope and Ionescu argue that this conclusion is premature,
because these studies have only considered WEIRD (Western, Educated,
Industrialized, Rich and Democratic) humans. To investigate cognitive
b
flexibility in a non-WEIRD population, Pope traveled to Namibia to meet
the Himba people.
6

these studies
(1) studies of African communities
(2) studies of different environments
(3) studies of how people solve problems
(4) studies carried out by Pope and Ionescu

Answer 1

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Xx_Saskia_xX

these studies = experiments という理解で合ってます。

10行目
But Pope and Ionescu argue ~
とあり、議論はしているが、この二人がexperiments そのものを行ったとは書いてないので、消去法で4は違うと思います。1と2は内容に合わないので違うとわかります。残った3が答の可能性が一番高いと思われ、these studies と experiments が同じ事を指すと読み取れれば、3を選ぶと良いとわかります。