Question

あられ

どうして2は違うのですか。
答えは3です。

① It is believed that he has made a fortune in his yout}
② He is believed that he made a fortune in his youth.
③ He is believed to have made a fortune in his youth.
④ He is believed to make a fortune in his youth.
【正しい文を選びなさい]

文法 受動態

Answer 1

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taka

文法的に言えば、believeは第3,5文型を作れますが、第4文型(SVOO)を作れないからです。
②の文を能動態に変えます。
✕They(S) believe(V) him(IO) <that he made a fortune in his youth>(DO).＜第4文型＞
③の文を能動態に変えます。
〇They(S) believe(V) him(O) to have made a fortune in his youth(C). ＜第5文型＞
彼は若い時に財産を築いたと信じられている。

He is believed to have made a fortune in his youth.
It is believed that he made a fortune in his youth. ＜形式主語＞
上記の二つの具体的な文を意味と一緒に覚えておくと良いと思います。

参考にしてください。