✨ ベストアンサー ✨
The English sentence is correct, but a little bit hard to read because of the em-dashes.
✅ They draw on the same mental resources—using language, parsing meaning—demanded by schoolwork.
= They draw on the same mental resources demanded by schoolwork (such as using language and parsing meaning).
= They draw on the same mental resources (that are) demanded by schoolwork (such as... ).
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You can also write the sentence using "as". The meaning is very close.
✅ They draw on the same mental resources—using language, parsing meaning—as demanded by schoolwork.
= They draw on the same mental resources as (are) demanded by schoolwork (such as using language and parsing meaning).
I hope this answers your question.