ページ3:

- หวานเจ -
Respiratory
Tract
พัฒนาจาก
Endoderm
• Convection
conducting
Zane
Alveoli b
2" - 2".
Respiratory
Zone
The trachea
Esophagus
Trachealis
Muscle
Alveoli
n'u wa
ผมสม
Eq trachea Branches
-
Hyaline
(Aquila dvín)
Cartilage
Bronchiole
~ Ya' Hyaline
cartilage
da smooth
muscle
2
wun trachea bronchi
Posterior
Hyaline cartilage
Mucosa
2-2"
Nois Mucus =). Innate immunity
Lumen of
Lumen of
trachea
Anterior
Submucosa
Seromucous gland
in submucosa
Hyaline cartilage
Adventitia (Areolar CT)
Seromucous gland
in submucosa
Alveolar
Macrophage
ปป. เป
Alveolar
simple squamous
1. Alveolar cell type I/
Pneumocyte I
niumin Blood gas barrier
Pseudostratified
columnar epithelia
/ ไม่ - ปอดแบ
√169
- เก
Normal
Collapsed
alveoli
✓ Alveolar cell type I/
Pneumocyte II
avis pulmonary surfactant - ๗ แงงงง
Dipalmitoyl phosphatiodyl choline
> DPPC
Pcoz
Hemoglobin 98.5%
NN. H20
1.5%
- Hemoglobin 23%
rin RBC = 70% c₂ enzyme)
ค.ดันในถุง
V P+
Palm t
ค.ดันในถุง
P = 2K1
r
tension
Venous blood
Po, 40 mm Hg
Poo, 246 mm Hg
L
· Pulmonary surfactant Vonuviain
ตัว) -
Vláðivíl
+
Dry air 760 mm Hg
Po 160 mm Hg
Poo, 0.25 mm Hg
Alveoli
Po, 100 mm Hg
Poo, 40 mm Hg
Pulmonary distress
W/
ในเ ก เ ก
Pulmonary
circulation
Arterial blood
Poo, -40 mm Hg
Systemic
circulation
Pos 40 mm Hg
Poo, 246 mm Hg
Aerobic metabolism consumes
O₂ and produces CO₂
.
+

ページ4:

Gas Exchange
CAH
+
H₂O
CAH
co₂+4 invoin
tissue
A
I▸
Hemoglobin
co
Lung
tissue
A HCO₂
H2CO3
Interstitial fluid
CO, (dissolved in plasma)
plasma proteins
co₂ H₂o low H₂CO, HCO₂ .
GUMIJA
ci in plasma
Chloride shift
④Moons HLO, inm
- plasma
Ⓒ CT snusion ABC
HCO
co
CO HOH,CO, HOO, H
Hamburgur shift
Carbonic
Co₂->
anhydrase
co
SAVE: TW, In RBC
Hb + CO₂
tissue
44
Hb
+
2
Lung
Lung.
tissue
Lung
.Hb + CO
hemoglobin)
HbO₂ O₂ Hb
Red blood cell
Og (dissolved in plasma)
Blood plasma
Hb [CO₂]
carbimine Hemoglobin.
A5C02]
Oxyhemoglobin
tocixity
Hb [co]
Carboxyhemoglobin
Hemoglobin
Birth
1 year-adult
(α2 Y2)
60-90%
Ⓐ(α2 ß2)
15-40%
<1%
96-98%
A2(α202)
1%
2-3%
Tissue cells
Dissolved Co
HbO
Dissolved CO
co, Hb Hco
HHOO.
Red blood cell
From systemic
con
Dissolved CO
HBO, O, Hb
HO+ co
(chonde shit)
Red blood cel
Dissolved Co
+
Hb Sauna
thalassemia
Hemoglobin 82m), α z mj
I
chromosome
13: thalassemia
gamma
High Affinity
16: α thalassemia
ค. สามคน 4. รับ 0,
Au muscle
Myoglobin,
alpha
Hbf HbA
.
HbF,
HbA
Insa
Myoglobin
Affinity
AbF > HbA
+
.
.
+

ページ5:

Thoracic wall
Atmospheric pressure
Lung
Diaphragm
Transpulmonary
pressure
Parietal pleura
Visceral pleura
rosvon
Innermost
intercostal
Pleural cavity
Transpulmonary
pressure
760 mm Hg
-756 mm Hg
= 4 mm Hg
Intra-alveola
756
cavity
-Intrapleural
pressure
756 mm Hg
(-4 mm Hg)
Intrapulmonary
pressure 760 mm Hg
(0 mm Hg)
=
K
④Junnis
9 tooแฟ
Diaphragm
=
smooth muscle
Negative pressure"
ค.ดันในช่องป
MIA)
criscection
① Thoracic wall
Gotzon 4
Patm
Thoracic wall.
nu. Internal
แดนใน
intercostal muscle
P
=
Patm
External
intercostal cle
4. Cara
auton
!!,!|||
External inter
Rectus Abdominis
- กล้ามเนียนเทอ
minnu Rib 5,6;7
Inspiration
Expiration
horacic wall who's to Jun
VA PL
Thoracic
4αoŃ
Pabm
Thoracic cavity
expands
External intercostal
muscles contract
Diaphragm
Thoracic cavity
reduces
External intercostal
muscles relax
Diaphragm
Diaphragm
ป
J
Diaphragm
toova VA Pt
Prona > Proston
>> JUGOZWais
+
Diaphragm cams lineacióna
Ppleural
Joarvivors
vi
Thoracic wall wrońs
Diaphragm oumjas /uoi's
=
Vpleural
.
ร
Ⓡ [Patm
>
A1
PA
.
.
+
.
.
+

ページ6:

Passive
Respiration ->
40-7214
L
External Intercostal Muscle
Diaphragm
Volume UND 500 mL.
► Active Respiration
{.
• External Internal Muscle +
Inhale Muscle Group
Exhale Muscle.
Group
• Internal Internal Muscle
+
Rectus abdo minis
Active
Inhalation
Diaphragm
Same
Dijou
Thoracic wall
Janu Rib
Same
P
todoa
Diaphragm
Rib
Ext
Int
Rectus
ช่องท้อง
Abdominis
405) /u04
vu
นด
9225
ANIY
3
Jw
Passive
Inhalation
เง
UA
3-
P
งวด
Diaphragm
Rib
Ext
Int
Rectus
Abdominis
ช่องท้อง
Iw
3
แด ) / น
bu
461
ANIW
5800
ssive respiration
Tidal vele of normal
inspiration
Tidal
Active respiration
IRV
Inspiratory
reserve
volume
3000 mL
volume
500 mL
Tidal volume
2800
- V 1
เ
mu Passive
· Expiratory.
reserve
(volume; ERV
Tout un oun
▸ Residual volume
2300
Volume
(mL)
End of normal
expiration
ลาพวน
1200-
Residual
volume
1200 mL
.
.
Inspiratory
capacity
Total
Vital
capacity
4600 mL
lung
capacity
Expiratory
reserve
volume
1100 mL
ERV
Active respiration
+
Time
Functional
residual
capacity
"V" Volume Audua
@IRV inviving '3000 mil
②ERV 41499 comfo
1100 AL
เจ เบ้า ปกติ
vào kh
1200 mL
+ RV
Sevgilate
Capacity
(V.)
. IC = VE + IRV
. FRC
ERV +RV
Comintavcan un-ownlo)"
.
VC
walls
.
= IRV VERV
LC IRV +VE + ERV + RV

ページ7:

Oxygen Saturation of Hemoglobin (%)
Chemoreceptor
Central chemoreceptor
: วัดที่
CSF
งบ
Medulla oblongata
Peripheral chemoreceptor : inn Plasma
หมว
Carotid bodies
Aortic bodies
in Plasma
pH
r
60 mmHg
Peripheral
chemoreceptor
Central
A Medulla oblongata
chemoreceptor
สั่งกา
Ventilation
Oxygen-Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve
Sensory-
nerve fiber
Carotid sinus
Carotid artery
Aortic arch
in CSP
CQ₂ H
PH
Left shift cHbO24)
Left-Shift
Increased-affinity-for
↓
Left shift
Right shift
1pCO₂
+24-
12.3-OPG
Temp
HbF
Right shift
Right-Shift CHLO₂+)
Decreased affinity for O₂
↑ pCO₂
THIS (LPH)
12.3-DPG
↑ Temp
Oxygen Partial Pressure (mm Hg)
Ab TC On
= % sat₂
.
.
+
Lineage
.
.
temp↓
.PH4 H+ b
Co
+2,3- BPG
Hb F →High Affinity
temp 4
pH H
To medullary
respiratory
control center
Competiton
0
2,3-BPG
จับ AL
.
-Sensory
+