Question

みちゃ

英文がわからないです心の優しい方、英文の解き方を教えて欲しいです🙇‍♀️

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signatures in business. However, no one used fingerprints in crime work until the late
In ancient times, people used fingerprints to identify people. They also used them as
1880s. Three men, working in three different areas of the world, made
this possible.
(1)
The first man who collected a large number of fingerprints was William Herschel.
He worked for the British government in India. He took fingerprints when people
(7) official papers. For many years, he collected the same people's fingerprints
several times. He made an important discovery. Fingerprints do not change over time.
At about the same time, a Scottish doctor in Japan began to study fingerprints.
Henry Faulds was looking at ancient Japanese pottery* one day when he noticed small
It occurred to him that the lines were 2,000-year-old fingerprints.
Faulds wondered, "Are fingerprints unique to each person?" He began to take
fingerprints of all his friends, co-workers, and students at his medical school. Each
print was (). He also wondered, "Can you change your fingerprints?”
shaved the fingerprints off his fingers with a razor to find out. Would they grow back
lines on the pots.
(2)
He
the same? They did.
One day, there was a theft in Faulds's medical school. Some alcohol was missing.
Faulds found fingerprints on the bottle. He compared the fingerprints to the ones in
his records, and he found a match. The thief was one of his medical students. By
examining fingerprints, Faulds solved the crime.
Both Herschel and Faulds collected fingerprints, but there was a problem. It was
very difficult to use their collections to identify a specific fingerprint. Francis Galton
in England made it easier. He noticed common patterns in fingerprints. He used these
to help classify fingerprints. These features, called "Galton details," made it easier for
police to search through fingerprint records. The system is still in use today. When
25 police find a fingerprint, they look at the Galton details. Then they search for other
fingerprints with similar features.
(4)
Like Faulds, Galton believed that each person had a unique fingerprint. According
to Galton, the chance of two people with the same fingerprint was 1 in 64 billion. Even
the fingerprints of identical twins are ( ). Fingerprints were the perfect tool to
30 identify criminals.
For mo
than 100 years, no one found two people with the same prints. Then, in
2004, terrorists (I) a crime in Madrid, Spain. Police in Madrid found a fingerprint.
They used computers to search databases of fingerprint records all over the world.
Three fingerprint experts agreed that a man on the West Coast of the United States
was one of the criminals. Police arrested him, but the experts were wrong. The man
was innocent. Another man was (). Amazingly, the two men who were 6,000
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Lesson
日本大学 470 words
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(3)
23
024
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miles away from each other had fingerprints that were almost exactly identical.
* pottery 「陶器｣
1 空所 (ア)~ (オ) を埋めるのに最も適当な語を選びなさい。
① postponed
1 unique
(ウ)
①same
(エ) ① prevented
(オ)
① sorry
② discovered 3 signed
② difficult
② alike
② committed
② guilty
3 strange
3 similar
③ happened
3 dirty
4 moved
4 clean
④ different
4 invented
4 sinful
2 下線部 (1) this の説明として,最も適当なものを選びなさい。
① 古代人の特定に指紋を使うこと。
② ビジネスのサイン代わりに指印を押すこと。
③ 3つの領域で協力して指紋研究に取り組むこと。
④ 犯罪の捜査に指紋を使うこと。
3 下線部(2)を言い換えるのに最も適当な表現を選びなさい。
① He did not imagine
2 He came to consider
③ It seemed impossible ④ It never seemed to happen
4 下線部 (3)の説明として最も適当なものを選びなさい。
① 見つけた消しゴムで指先をつるつるにした。
② 分析用のレーザーをあてて指先の指紋を研究した。
③ 疑問を解明するため指の指紋をかみそりで削り取った。
④ 革製の道具を使って自分の指先と指紋を識別した。
5 下線部 (4) they が指し示しているものを選びなさい。
① Galton details ② fingerprints ③ fingerprint records 4 police
6 本文によれば, 指紋が事件の解決に初めて使われたのはどこか。 適切な国名を選びなさい。
① イギリス ② インド ③ 日本 ④ スペイン
7 本文に照らして、 内容が一致するものを選びなさい。
① The police no longer make use of a fingerprint classification that was first developed
in England.
Francis Galton found some patterns that were useful in classifying fingerprints.
③ William Herschel collected a lot of fingerprints to find out if there were any identical
ones.
(4) One of Faulds's medical students proved that the fingerprints of a person remain the
same throughout his life..

Let's Try! 次の文章中の空所を適切な語句で埋めて、要約文を完成させましょう。
日本語要約
指紋は(1)だけでなく,一生の間に (2)一方、共通のパターンがあることが
19世紀末に発見された。 それ以来, 指紋は(3)に最適な手段として( 4 )に活
用されてきたが,他人同士の指紋が( 5 ) 希有な事例も存在する。
④ 別の国でも通用する
③ ほとんど変わらない ④ まったく変わらない
③ 医療記録
③患者管理
④盗品の追跡
④ 発掘品保護
③ 部分的に一致する
④ ほぼ完全に一致する
(1) ①一人一人異なる ② 古代から存在する ③ 書類に残る
(2) ① 変わり続ける
② 少しずつ変わる
②遺体の身元判定
(3) ① 犯人特定
(4) ① 犯罪捜査
② 科学研究
(5) ①混ざり合う
② 完全に異なる
英文要約
Although ancient people had also known and used fingerprints, it was not until the
nineteenth century that it was discovered that they are ( 1 ) each person, do
not (2) over time, and can be categorized systematically. Based upon these
discoveries, (3) have come to use fingerprints to identify ( 4 ). However,
fingerprints may not be conclusive evidence, since there has been a rare case in
which two persons had almost (5) fingerprints. 44*
(1) ① unique to
(2) ① shave
(3) ①police
(4) ① co-workers
(5) ① identical
② collected by
② change
② the British government
2 twins
② innocent
3 missing from
③ occur
③ medical schools
3 criminals
3 similar

英語 日本大学 2次試験