Question

ミントチョコ

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4
20
科学
420 words
Chapter 1
The recipe for making any creature is written in its DNA. So last year, when 1-1
geneticists* published the near-complete DNA sequence of the long-extinct woolly
mammoth, there was much speculation about whether we could bring this giant creature
back to life.
5
東京理科大学
Creating a living, breathing creature from a genome* sequence that exists only in a
computer's memory is not possible right now. But someone someday is sure to try it,
predicts Stephan Schuster, a molecular biologist at Pennsylvania State University and a
driving force behind the mammoth genome project.
So besides the mammoth, what other extinct beasts might we bring back to life? Well, 12
10 it is only going to be possible with creatures for which we can recover a complete genome
Without one, there is no chance. And usually when a creature dies, the
(1) -
DNA in any flesh left untouched is soon destroyed as it is attacked by sunshine and
bacteria.
sequence.
There are, however, some circumstances in which DNA can be preserved. If your
15 specimen froze to death in an icy wasteland such as Siberia, or died in a dark cave or a
really dry region, for instance, then the probability of finding some intact stretches of
DNA is much higher.
Even in ideal conditions, though, no genetic information is likely to survive more
than a million years. - so dinosaurs are out and only much younger remains are likely
to yield good-quality DNA. "It's really only worth studying specimens that are less than
100,000 years old," says Schuster.
The genomes of several extinct species besides the mammoth are already being
sequenced, but turning these into living creatures will not be easy. "It's hard to say that
something will never ever be possible," says Svante Pääbo of the Max Planck Institute
25 for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany, "but it would require technologies so far
removed from what we currently have that I cannot imagine how it would be done."
But then
(3) 50 years ago, who would have believed we would now be able to read the
instructions for making humans, fix inherited diseases, clone mammals and be close to
creating artificial life? Assuming that we will develop the necessary technology, we have
30 selected ten extinct creatures that might one day be resurrected. Our choice is based not
just on practicality, but also on each animal's "charisma" - just how exciting the
prospect of resurrecting these animals is.
1-3

Of course, bringing extinct creatures back to life raises a number of fur ther problems,
such as where they will live, but let's not ( 4 ).
* geneticist 「遺伝学者」 genome 「ゲノム (生物の生活機能を維持するための最小限の遺伝子群を含む染色体の一組)」
4
1 下線部 (1)を書き換えるとき、空所 (A) (B) それぞれに入る数語を答えなさい。
Without (A) (
(B) (
2 死滅した動物のDNA抽出の可能性が高くなる条件2つを、本文の内容に即して日本語で説明しなさい。
led a bria ows tuoda ai aid
3
下線部 (2)に関し、これが容易でないのはなぜか、日本語で説明しなさい。
下線部 (3)を日本語に直しなさい。
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), there is no chance of
). C
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15 今後の技術の進歩を想定して筆者たちは現在どんな試みをしているか、 But then から始まる第7段
落の内容に即して日本語で説明しなさい。
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6 空所 (4) に入れるのに最も適切なものを1つ選びなさい。
① admit the mistakes ② deny evolution 3 ignore scientists ④ spoil the fun
10
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7 本文の内容と一致しないものを1つ選びなさい。
no rigime bns goiggo
(1) When scientists published the near-complete DNA sequence of the mammoth,
many people wondered if it would be possible to have a living mammoth once again
on this planet.
J²0
② Stephan Schuster is playing a major role in recovering the genome
ungmammoth.
③ Stephan Schuster says that he will be able to create a mammoth himself when all
of its genome sequence has been recovered.
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(4,
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The mammoth is not the only extinct species whose genome sequence has been
studied.
5
The author is aware that there are problems other than just the technological ones
to be solved in order to resurrect extinct species. Dreng
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(東京理科大)
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