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EXAMPLE 9.1 Water Treatment Facility #3 Case The situation with the location and construction of the new WTF3 and associated transmission mains described in the chapter's introduction has reached a serious level because of recent questions posed by some city council members and citizen groups. Before going public to the city council with the analysis performed last year, the director of Allen Water Utilities has asked an engineering management consultant to review it and determine if it was an acceptable analysis and correct economic decision, then and now. The lead consultant, Joel Whiterson, took engineering economy as a part of his B.S. education and has previously worked on economic studies in the government sector, but never as the lead person. Within the first hour of checking background notes, Joel found several initial estimates (shown below) from last year for expected consequences if WTF3 were built. He realized that no viewpoint of the study was defined, and, in fact, the estimates were never classified as costs, benefits, or disbenefits. He did determine that disbenefits were considered at some point in the analysis, though the estimates for them are very sketchy. Joel defined two viewpoints: a citizen of Allen and the Allen Water Utilities budget. He wants to identify each of the estimates as a cost, benefit, or disbenefit from each viewpoint. Please help with this classification. Economic Dimension 1. Cost of water: 10% annual increase to Allen households 2. Bonds: Annual debt service at 3% per year on $540 million 3. Use of land: Payment to Parks and Recreation for shaft sites and construction areas 4. Property values: Loss in value, sales price, and property taxes 5. Water sales: Increases in sales to surrounding communities 6. M&O: Annual maintenance and operations costs 7. Peak load purchases: Savings in purchases of treated water from secondary sources Monetary Estimate Average of $29.7 million (years 1-5, steady thereafter) $16.2 million (years 1-19); $516.2 million (year 20) $300,000 (years 1-4) $4 million (years 1-5) $5 million (year 4) plus 5% per year (years 5-20) $300,000 plus 4% per year increase (years 1-20) $500,000 (years 5-20)

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my Salary is still not enough for living. While 1 frequentiy work overtime during weekends, Hl/ 1 'า Jack. I've just earned my high school ploms and recently got a job. Even though ) 79 Unit 6 Waitperson ลking full-time at a small factory, I have a ลงd-time job as 8 waitperson at a restaurant าลงr my house. I'm a waiter from 6.00 - 11.00 2m. every night. Activity 6.14 From Jack's introduction of himself, is he a hard-working Person? And why? Activity 6.15 From the key functions of a waitperson with good manners elow, please rearrange them in order of time since customers come int0 a "staurant. Number the activities from 1 to 8. Time Sequence Activities Looking around for customers additional requests Serving food Taking orders Preparing a check/a bill Collecting money Seating customers 8) Saying thank you to customers Video Walter and Waitress Career 1) Greeting customers คำว่า Check เป็นการใช้แบบ American English ส่วนคำว่า Bill เป็นการใช้แบบ British Eng|lish ไดยเมื่อลูกค้าต้องการ ให้พนักงานคิดเงินค่าอาหาร ก็จะบอกกับพนักงานในร้านว่า Can I have a check ก็ได้ความหมายเหมือนกัน

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เกิดไรขันกังสั้งแวดล้อมyo) (งา แปลว่า ด ทับ What is happening to.the Environment? Rivers mพัยใหม่ A new study shows that 86 per สะพวณขัมแม่น้ำเทพ cent of the world's rivers have been damaged by human activity. The study was Conducted by researchers from a university in Toulouse, France. เคทะน์ They examined data on over 2,500 rivers around the world)but they did not Look at rivers in the polar regions of the Arctic and Antarctica or in deserts.)The scientists looked into changes to biodiversity over the past 200 years. They)discovered that biodiversity in over half of rivers has been seriously damaged by humans. The researchers said there were many reasons for this damage. A big reason is the introduction of new species of fish into rivers. Other reasons include polution, dams, overfishing, farming and ปลก) : อ่างๆ mราะน climate change. The researchers say the worst-hit rivers are in western Europe and North America. This is because these regions have large and rich towns and cities. The เมือที่มาฐานางเบ lead researcher said: "Rivers which have the most economic development around ่"ง them, like the Mississippi River, are the most strongly impacted." The River Thames inj London was one of the worst-affected rivers in the study. The least- impacted rivers are in Africa and Australia. The researcher said: "This is probably due to a slower rate of สูคนที่ 90 191 เสชมา ความ นนา Iณนนยฆาก industrialisation in Africa and low population density around rivers in Australia." He added that rivers in many rich nations are unrecognisable compared with how they were 200 years ago. เลวมาก เลวที่สุด / HgrSe / the Nor s t 3/ be tey / the st ดีมา ก ดที่สด Acknowledgement