年級

問題的種類

國文 國中

為什麼不是C 答案是D

睡眠足學習效果好 睡眠不足會使孩子的行為看起來像注意力缺失或過動症(ADHD)的孩子——上課不專心,注意力不 能集中,心不在焉,常常忘記帶鑰匙,找不到東西,做功課拖拖拉拉……。當孩子有上述情形,老師就會 懷疑這孩子注意力有缺失,便會請父母帶孩子去看醫生。因為症狀相似,許多醫生便會開阿迪羅、利他能、 專思達等藥給孩子服用。 過去醫生以為過動症是大腦太過活化,便開鎮靜劑給孩子吃;後來,用核磁共振儀發現,孩子的大腦 是不夠活化,而不是太過活化,因此改用利他能(Ritalin),這個藥本來是治療憂鬱症的興奮劑,會使大腦 分泌比較多的多巴胺。投藥後,症狀果然減輕,於是孩子就開始服藥了,卻不知是興奮劑把孩子的精神提 起來,表現跟著變好,而不是他 真的有ADHD 。 ADHD 的誤診率非常高,僅次於阿茲海默症。 濫用藥物的壞處是藥物都有副作用,像阿迪羅會產生心悸,加拿大政府曾經下令阿迪羅下架,因為它 跟心臟血管疾病有關。孩子的大腦在發育的時候,除非不得已,否則應該儘量少吃藥物。現在已經知道, 利他能會減低食欲,影響睡眠,藥物會使大腦發育比沒有服藥的孩子慢,甚至可能慢到三年以上。所以, 美國最近開始讓孩子靠運動來產生學習所需要的神經傳導物質。 有一項研究發現,當運動使心跳達到最高點的百分之七十,也就是兩百二十減去年齡,再乘上零點七 的時候,大腦就會產生多巴胺(Dopamine)、血清胺(Serotonin)以及正腎上腺素(Norepinephrine)。 ) 胺是正向的神經傳導物質;利他能的作用是使大腦分泌較多的多巴胺;血清胺跟記憶、睡眠、情緒和動機 有直接關係,我們肚子餓時,常會脾氣暴躁、不耐煩,就是因為血清胺濃度降低了。吃過飯以後,碳水化 合物會透過血腦屏障進入大腦,變成血清胺的前身;很多人吃過飯脾氣就變好了,就是這個道理。 。 在沒有腦造影技術之前,我們都誤以為睡眠是大腦在休息,現在知道是身體在休息,大腦在工作,在 補充白天消耗的神經傳導物質。人在第四階段(深層)睡眠時,會分泌生長激素、血清胺和正腎上腺素。 最近一項研究發現,嬰兒若有一天睡得特別多,那麼四十八小時後,他就會長高一些,因此閩南語「一眠 大一寸」是有證據的,若要孩子長得高,請讓他睡得飽。另外,血清胺跟記憶有關,正腎上腺素跟注意力 有關,所以,若要學習效果好,就要讓孩子睡得飽;靠藥物是治標,睡飽才是治本。 洪蘭《請問洪蘭老師》 洪蘭《請問洪蘭老師》 下列何者最能概括本文主旨?(A)生病不要亂吃藥(B)運動能產生大量正向神經傳導物質(C)充足睡眠 幫助孩子發育(D)如何提升孩子的學習能力與成效。 9 D

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英文 高中

求解 謝謝

7万 his 聞 # 南安 班 RE V. 篇章結構:8% IV_V IPS (First, avoid screens such as the ones on your smartphone, tablet, and TV for at least two hours before you go to bed. (B) Spicy food can be hard to digest* and can upset your stomach. (C) Both a lack of sleep and going to bed late can have serious consequences*. (B) One factor is the use of electronic devices* shortly before bedtime. Who can fall asleep right after they go to bed? If you can, you are a member of quite a lucky group. According to a medical survey in 2015, one in every five people in Taiwan has trouble sleeping. 31. Low energy or a lack of focus that may result can lead to low performance and even accidents. Therefore, it is important to take a look at the causes of poor sleep and try to fix them. Various factors can keep us awake at night. 32. Our body has a built-in clock that controls our sleep schedule. The blue light from electronic screens pushes that clock back, making it hard for our body to relax. In fact, blue light shifts our natural clock twice as much as any other type of light. As a result, you do not feel sleepy until much later or at all. Another factor in staying up late into the night is the food you have eaten before you go to bed. 33. Such discomfort can make the body restless during the night. Additionally, specific spicy foods, such as chilies, raise your body temperature and make sleeping difficult. To improve the quality of your sleep, try following these tips. 34. Next, even if you have gone to sleep late, try to wake up at your usual time to reset your body clock. Similarly, make sure you do not eat anything spicy close to bedtime. If you follow these steps, your body should have enough time to recover before bedtime. Sleep is a very important part of a healthy life. If you can remember the causes of poor sleep and 011 maintain good habits, good sleep will not be far away. 註: digest 消化 consequence 後果 electronic device 電子設備 31. 32. . 33. 34. one A VI. 混合題:12% The safety of airplane passengers depends on a professional flight crew. However, most people don't know that airline pilots are required to obey an unusual rule. That is, pilots and co-pilots are not allowed to eat the same meal when they are on duty. This rule may seem ridiculous* for some people. In fact, there is a good reason behind it. If one pilot affected after eating contaminated* food, the other pilot will still be able to work and take over the duties

已解決 回答數: 1