ページ3:

No.
Date
wish+假設語氣
與現
•
S wish (that) S
SV-ed
whad
與現在或未來事實相反
If S
P.P
與過去事實相反
1.未來
Ms. Lin will give us lots of homework.
→We wish that Ms. Lin wouldn't give us lots of
1.如
Tim is the only child in his family.
2. 現在
3. 過去
The student missed the important speech.
homeworks.
If
→ He wishes that he had a brother.
2. Ve
If
→ The student wishes that he had
missed the important speech.
not
與過
V-ed
How sb. wish (that) S
had
P.P
與現在或未來事實相反
與過去事實相反
If S
1. 未來
He wort come to the party tonight.
2. 現在
☆
Lucy is not the leading actress.
3. 過去
Allen did not tell the truth and therefore getting punished.
How he wishes he had told the truth.
If + 假設語氣
How I wish he would.
How she wishes she was.
→
使
I
與未
If:
+
I
可能成真
祈使句!
If S 現在式,
S+
will / can/May + VR
1.祈使句
If
you go to her wedding, tell her that I miss her very much.
2. 助動詞will/can / may
If it's fine tomorrow, we'll go hiking in the mountains.
If s
↑
1.
I

ページ4:

與現在事實相反
• If S
{
were
·S + would / should / could / might
V-ed
+ VR
No.
Date
lots of
home works..
not
1. 如遇Be動詞,不論人稱一律用 were
If I were tall, I could slam dunk.
2. Ved
If I had money, I could have a big Christmas dinner.
與過去事實相反
• If S had p.p...., S + would / should / could / might + have pp.
->
,使用過去完成式
If I had taken my father's advice, I wouldn't have made the wrong decision.
與未來事實相反
If S were to VR, S would / should/could / might VR.
→ 未來極不可能發生,用 were to VR
If the sky were to fall, I would tell you my biggest secret.
would/should / could/ might + VR發生的可能性低
發生的可能性高
S
.If S should VR
{ will shall can/may
should 表萬一
1. 很可能發生
(祈使句
I will contact you as soon as possible if there should be any problem.
萬一發生了
2.
If
Penny should call me, tell her that I am not home.

ページ5:

No.
Diano
未來事件
1.不確定會不會去,如果有去就會買
If I go to Paris this summer, I will buy some souvenirs for
2. 不可能去 所以不會買
you.
If I were to go to Paris this summer, I would buy some souvenirs for
3.去的可能性很小 萬一(should)去了就會買
If I should go to Paris this summer, I would buy some souvenirs for
混合型假設語氣
you.
you.
與
I-
If s had
P.P.
+
S would / could / should/ might VR
與過去事實相反 與現在事實相反
2
→如果當時 的話,現在就.....
If I had eaten break fast this morning, I wouldn't be hungry now.
If S were / V-ed
|-
S would/could/should/ might have p.p.
I
+
與現在事實相反
與過去事實相反
→ 要是 當時就.....遇Be動詞用were
S
,
If I were a good cook, I would have invited you to dinner.
If I had a brother, I might not have felt so alone when I was a child.
省略IP的倒裝句
與現在事實相反 were
av blank
If s were .....
S would/ could/should/ might VR
Were S S would / could / should/ might VR
If it were not raining, we would
go
for a ride.
→ Were it not raining, we would
go
for a ride.
=
we would
go
for
a
ride were it
not raining.

ページ6:

= you..
ou.
No.
Daim
與過去事實相反
-)
If Shad pp...... Swould/could/should / might.
{
have
P.P. 與過去相反
VR 與現在相反
have
•
Had S
P.P.
與過去相反
P.P.
VR
與現在相反
S would / could / should / might {
1. 與過去事實相反
If
->
=
you
Had
had left earlier, you would not have been late.
you
left earlier, you would not have been late.
You wouldn't have been late had you left earlier.
2.混合(如果當時.....
現在就
)
If I had chosen to study medicine years ago, I might be a doctor now.
→
Had I chosen to study medicine years ago, I
might
be
a
doctor now.
=
I might be a doctor now had I chosen to study medicine years ago.
-
P.
should
If S should
S
Should S
S
● a child.
re it
will / can/shall/may
{ would I could / should / might
will / can/shall / may
{ would caco wol should / might
would/could/should/might
發生的可能性高
發生的可能性低
發生的可能性高
發生的可能性低
If a typhoon should strike Taiwan, the trip will/would be canceled.
→>
Should a typhoon strike Taiwan, the trip will / would be canceled.
=
The trip will / would be canceled should a typhoon strike Taiwan.
If S should......
祈使句
S... 祈使句
Should S...
If
any emergency
should happen, call the nurse.
→ Should any emergency happen, call the nurse.
ning.

ページ7:

No.
Date
as if / as though 彷彿像是
很可能為真
SV...
是時
It is
as if 直述語氣
→ It looks as if it's going to rain.
->
Eric sounded as if he had a bad cold.
It i
不可能為真
V-ed
發生的時間與前面子句相同
SV... as if s
were
had
P.P.
發生的時間比前面子句還早
The kid acted as if he were an adult.
1. 發生時間相同
He speaks as if he were an expert.
2. 發生時間較早
Ted sings as if he had received professional training.
要不是/若非
與現在事實相反
If it were not for
would
過去加過去
Were it not for
could
If not for
NP, S should
VR.
But for
might
Without
→ without air and water, all of us would die.
與過去事實相反
If it had not been for)
Had it not been for
• would
could
完成加完成
If not for
NP, S7 should
have
P.P.
But for
(might
Without
→ Without your timely help, I couldn't have done it.

ページ8:

是時候
It is time that
-old.
It is (about/hight) time.
:{
S
{"
that s were and VR
were/Ved
should
(for sb.)
to VR.
It.
→表「早該做某事了
J
若沒有行為人, for sb.可省略
up
It is time that we got
dressed
for the party.
It is time that drunk driving should be severely punished.
It is time for
you
to
home.
Jo
NO
Dalo