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Dinosaur Fossils In the past century, one of the most amazing findings by scientists has been dinosaur bones. Dinosaur bones also called fossils are the remains of old dinosaur skeletons. Sometimes scientists who discover dinosaur fossils just find footprints in the dirt. Other times, they find enough fossils to make a complete dinosaur. But how do dinosaur bones that are millions of years old get turned into fossils? How can something buried beneath dirt and sand last for so long? Fossil Formation When dinosaurs or other ancient animal or plant life dies, a gradual process begins. (A) Then the dead dinosaur is eventually covered by dirt and mud. (B) This leaves the hardest parts of the dinosaur- bones and teeth. (C) After thousands of years, the chemicals in the buried dinosaur's body go through a series of changes. (D) As the bone slowly decays, groundwater gets inside the bone. The minerals in the groundwater are replaced with the chemicals in the bone. These minerals are the same as the surrounding rock. As the dinosaur bone turns into a fossil, it becomes a heavy, rock-like version of the original dinosaur. It is now officially called a fossil. When scientists look for dinosaur fossils, they look for specific rock types. Fossils are usually found in either shale, siltstone, mudstone, or sandstone. Preservation (E) Preservation is an important word when studying fossils. (F) It means to keep something in the same condition for a long time. (G) One of the best examples of dinosaur fossils is in the Field Museum in Chicago. (H) The Tyrannosaurus Rex (or T-Rex) was the fiercest and largest dinosaur on the planet. It was a carnivore, or meat eater. T-Rex liked to eat smaller dinosaurs for dinner, using its powerful jaws to crush its victims. The skeleton of Sue was discovered in the dry plains of South Dakota in 1990 by Sue Henderson, a scientist. By studying prehistoric fossils, we can learn about life millions of years ago.

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ตารางสอน 819 ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๑๑๑ า า Let's have a look at what science and technology are preparing for us in the future. Can you imagine spending your holidays in a space hotel, having your home totally 5 computerised? What about new bones, veins and skin grown from your body cells? Homes of the Future If you like comfort, you will find it in the model home designed for the future. This model house will be wired for convenience, literally. Computer systems will link rooms, gadgets and appliances to each other and all this will be connected to the 30 Internet. 25 Space Resorts Some aerospace companies are setting up a Space Travel and Tourism Division as At the entrance, a security TV doorphone will record a picture of each visitor and it will transmit the image to monitors throughout the house. In the kitchen, appliances from the fridge to the 35 microwave oven will be programmed to order from a food delivery service and to cook recipes selected from the Internet. of the Space Transportatioท 10 part Association. One of the latest ideas is that in a few years' time you will be able to spend your vacation in a space hotel built with recycled space shuttle fuel tanks. An 15 onboard oxygen system will let guests breathe easily. The hotel will grow all its food on board hydroponically (in water containing dissolved nutrients). As soon as the guests get there, they will have an Earth- 20 like "gravity Zone" for the "space-sick." How does it sound? Will you be one of the guests to spend your holidays orbiting 322 kilometres above the Earth? Your Body Sooner than you think, scientists will grow new 40 heart valves from your own cells in laboratories. New veins and arteries will grow directly from a patient's own cells to avoid immune-system rejection. Within 10 to 20 years, laboratories will be ready to transplant hearts, livers and kidneys 45 routinely-all grown from hนman tissue in the lab. AFTER READING 5 What do these words refer to? They are underlined in the text. 4 True or false? Quote the text. 1 The space hotel will be built with recycled material. 1 its (paragraph 2) 2 they (paragraph 2) 3 it (paragraph 3) 4 it (paragraph 4) 2 In the house of the future, your fridge will be connected to the Internet. 3 There is little chance that arteries will grow from patients' cells. www How will techno affect your body future? Check or * Join the beginning of each sentence with the ending. แomr uil1 be

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คือเรียน รายวิชาเพิ่มเติม csถนะการอ่าน 1 Mountain mummies Vocabulary 1 preserved volcano mummies sacrifices civilisation 1. Vesuvius is a famous Pompeii. 2. Thousands of years ago, many Egyptians were nmadeาก in Italy. In 79 AD, it destroyed the city of when they died. Sometimes they were buried inside pyramids. 3. Food can be for a long time by keeping it in a freezer. It will still be fresh many weeks later. 4. There have been lawS. books. music and art in China for thousands of years. It is a very old 5. used to be an important part of many religions. Often chickens, goats or cows were killed and offered to the gods. B. Choose the correct word or phrase with the same meaning as the blue words in each sentence. Very old highest point remaining parts of a destroyed building people who study objects from the past rOom 1. One day I'd like to climb Mount Everest. I hope I'Il be able to climb all the way to the summit. 2. Next to the king's bedroom was a small chamber for washing. 3. Tourists in Egypt like to visit ancient buildings such as the Great Pyramids. The pyramids were built many thousands of years ago. 4. Archaeologists found a lot of old bones buried underneath the church 5. After the fire, the family could not return to the ruins of their home In other words A. What is the main purpose of the passage? Circle 1, 2 or 3. the weather on volcanoes. แกre Sacrificed in the past. 4le BARน EXPLORATION && DISCOVERY

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