This assumption may be valid because the air
column being considered is deeper than the
nocturnal turbulent boundary layer. QE is the
latent heat flux which is released into the air
column with the phase change of water vapor.
When there is no phase change of water vapor,
QE=0. QR is the heat flux of the long wave
radiation and defined by
QR=pC
* a
0z
where (30 /a1), s the warming rate of air due to
convergence of long wave radiation, L t(z) and
L(2) are the upward and downward long wave
radiation at a height of z respectively. Among
several kinds of calculation methods for long
wave radiation (Stephens, 1984), formulae
