ページ1:

anatomical
121
1132
((4)
position 標準位置
,直立並面向觀察者
頭部及眼向前直視
手掌向前
,腳掌踏實,向前
*anamical planes.
Coronal plane (frontal plane)
midsagittal
Sagittal plane (parasagittal
Axial plane
ta
141
NO
Date
1392
A
-midsagittat
看到的
D
&
parasagittal
→midsagittal
(Transverse/Horizental plane) of
:
Oblique plane transverse + sagittal / transverse + frontal
*Directional terms A is to B
Superficial Deep <=>
regional names
Trunk,
Abdomen,腹部
(external)
(intemal)
Pelvis,骨盆
Medial
Lateral (14)
Armpit,腋下
13, Superior
Inferior (1)
Forearm,上臂
Buttock 臀部
Thigh
(5) Anterior &
(ventral)
·Thorax,AB
<肢体近端>
Posterior (1)
(dorsal)
(6) Ipsilateral & Contralateral (17-18)
Axilla PF Inguinal region
1
{Groin
鼠溪部
Per-Duct
(4) Proximal Distal

ページ2:

No.
Date
he lab. If
tify a lab
afa
* Nervous system
Central nervous system (CNS)
Brain
LSpinal cord
Peripherial nervous system (PNS).
Cranial nerves
·Spinal nerves
神經系統
LSAfferent system (sensory system is morous system LAND
(Eferent system (motor system)運動神經系統
(Sympathetic nerve system (SNS)交感.
Parasympathetic nerve system (PNS)副交感
*+大系統
① Skeletal System
一含軟骨,硬骨,韌帶
-支持人体,保護藏器
可輔助人體運動,亦為
造血、貯存鈣、磷之場所
② Muscular System
⑤ Circulatory and
lymphatic System
一心臟、血管、血液、淋巴管、淋巴
液、淋巴組織
一輸送養分,排廢物、調節體溫
維持酸鹼平衡、防衛及免疫
Integumentary System
一含皮膚及其衍生物
一被覆與保護內臟器官、調節體溫
一含骨骼肌,平滑肌.心肌、排除廢物,並含有溫、壓、痛覺
的神經末梢及感受器
-
-運動、產熱
Chasmil
③ Nervous System.
QUrinary System
一腦、脊髓、神經、感覺器官一腎輸尿管、膀胱、尿道
一調控身體活動
④Respiratory System
一導管部、呼吸部
Perf
Bon提供复体,血液交換,亦可
調節酸鹼平衡.是發聲器官
一排除體內廢物、維持酸鹼平衡
電解質平衡、調節血压、
pay up, Tall
19

ページ3:

stem
(ANS)
tic System
巴管、淋巴
調節體溫.
免疫
HO
周節體溫
⑧Digestive System
一含胃腸道及相關腺体
一消化、吸收食物,排除廢物
9.Endocrine System
一含所有能產激素的無導管腺体
一調節有机体的生理活動和
体內環境平衡(血液運送激素)
DINS
10. Reproductive System
一男女性生殖器官
-繁殖後代
*人体組織
↑上皮組織
結締組織
肌肉組織
痛覺
神經組織
HA
*関節
A
鹵鹼平衡、
,由軟骨連接
不动関節/个纖維性關節
少动關節軟骨性關節
【活动關節滑液性關節
沒有関節腔
滑液性:骨骼有軟骨保護與分
沁、滑液的膜者
No.
Date

ページ4:

the lab if
buty a lab
Dendrit
No
Date
9/19
*
Neurons: propagates action potentials.
Glia (glial cells): support nourish. protect neurons.
*Neurons: Acell to
• cell body consist of cytoplasm and nucleus,
'cell processes = consist of dendrites and axons.
-schwann cell
node of Ranvier
cell
hillo
TH
Sensory neurons Axon
(常位於中枢神經)
classification based on function motor
morphological classification
*研究顯示,成人腦中的
neurons
interneurons
funipolar neurons (pseudo unipolar
bipolar neurons
海馬迴仍會有新的神經元增生 multipolar neurons
neurons
r
*Neuroglia cell-cel
結構較簡單
多
運營養物質給 neuro cell
2 neuro cell
•tt neurons 小支撐大腦架構(固定神經元)
Et neurons
(可分解再生
(神經元絕緣體
Microglia macrophages that removes debris in CNS
Oligodendrocytes-myelin formation in CNS
(in white myelin/in gray → neurons)
Macroglia <
Per-Duct
framework for nerve cells& fib
Astrocytes-supporting
Fibrous astrocytes-white matter
Protoplasmic astrocytes - gray matter
the most common glial cells in CNS

ページ5:

來的有害氣體對當地民眾的健康造成威脅。
arged from the chemical factory posed a threat to th
被危險化學藥品污染,不再適於耕作
with dangerous chemicals, and it w
,我們可以推測她昨天大
so quickly, we decided to leave the beacl
因為天氣快速變得惡劣,我們決定馬上離開海邊的家人
a (r)
10. It is essential that we put more em...
Henry 戴了一副太陽眼睛來保護眼睛不。
熱門牛排館前要先訂位。
ay wears a pair of sunglasses to (s).
before you go to the
9/26 〈BRAIN>
* Brain - Also called telencephalon(端腦)*胼胝体corpus callosum
Left and Right cerebal hemisphere
一半
Fovebrain: cerebrum(大腦
Midbrain (中腦)
球
)、diencephalon(間腦)
Hindbrain:Medulla(延腦)、Pons(橋腦)、Cerebellum(小腦)
*Cerebrum
(nuclear)
Cortex(大腦皮質)、Basal Ganglia (基底核)基底
Diencephlon - thalamus(丘腦)、hypothalamus (下丘腦)
Amygdala (杏仁核)、Hippocampus (海馬迴)神經結
*腦溝-sulcus (sulci)/腦迴-gyrus(gyri)/brain stem-腦幹
* Brodmann's area -
52区且有其特定功能
* Amygdala (杏仁核/体)一有2個位於腦幹上方,分居腦部2側
-調控情緒反應,是負面情緒的總管
一人的杏仁核比任何灵長類都大
* Hippocampus (海馬迴)一短期→長期記憶:記憶固化
* Thalamus (丘腦), 感覺訊息送至大腦和自我回饋的媒介
-協調情緒表達
* Hypothalamus(下丘腦)一本能(食慾、口渴、睡眠、体温、血压中枢
「調節腦下垂体分泌
* Midbrain (中腦)一視、啞學的反射中枢
Superior colliculus(上丘)一頭眼協調
(Inferior colliculus (下丘)-啤覺神經轉換站
*Pons (橋腦)一腦內的神經橋樑,會影響意識
-將神經衝动自大腦→小腦,協調身體兩側們活动

ページ6:

腦中
端,大腦一大腦皮質,基底核,杏仁核,海馬迴
間腦一丘腦、下丘腦
1後一延腦、橋腦、小腦
Hind brain = Medulla(延腦)、Pons(橋腦)、Cerebellum (小腦)
(nuclear)
*Cerebrum Cortex(大腦皮質)、Basal Ganglia (基底核)基底
Amygdala (杏仁核)、Hippocampus (海馬迴)神經結
Diencephlon - thalamus (丘腦)、hypothalamus (下丘腦)
1-腦幹
*腦溝- sulcus ( sulci)/腦迴-gyrus(gyri) /brain stem-F
* Brodmann's area - 52区且有其特定功能
*Amygdala (杏仁核/体),有2個位於腦幹上方,分居腦部2側
-調控情緒反應,是負面情緒的總管
一人的杏仁核比任何灵長類都大
* Hippocampus (海馬迴)一短期→長期記憶:記憶固化
* Thalamus (丘腦)—感覺訊息送至大腦和自我回饋的媒介
協調情緒表達
* Hypothalamus(下丘腦)一本能(食慾、口渴、睡眠、体温、血压中枢
-調節腦下垂体分泌
* Midbrain (中腦)一視、啤閣的反射中枢
Superior colliculus(上)一頭眼協調
Inferior colliculus (下丘)-啤覺神經轉換站
*Pons (橋腦)一腦內的神經橋樑,會影響意識
-將神經衝動自大腦→小腦,協調身體兩側肉活法

ページ7:

Inc.
No.
Date
*Medulla(延腦)一反射(呼吸心跳、血管舒縮、咳嗽、呕吐)+生命中枢
* Cerebellum (小腦)位於枕葉下方、大腦後方,與腦幹相連
一維持身体平衡、協調肢体活动+肌肉張力加習動
一小腦病變→運動及平衡失調(醉酒走路)維持
•枕骨大孔
Spiral cord structures and functions
10/3
* spinal cord
d
* vertebra(椎骨)
Begin at Foramen magnum / End at the conus medullaris
Cylindrical in shape (圓柱)
脊髓圓錐
about 43 cm
the extension of the CNS
an elongated structure that is located in vertebral cano
椎管
occupies the
(頸膨部)
upper.
-2/3 of vertebral canal
body: weigh-bearing portion (anterior)
neural arch pedicals, transverse processes
laming, spinous process (HEP) (横突
(椎板)(棘突)
*two enlargement of the cord.
Cervical enlargement: supply upper extrimities
Lumbosacral enlargement: supply lower extrimities
(腰膨部)
* conus medullaris - the lowermost portion of spinal cord
·cauda equina (馬尾)- below conus medullaris
Per-Duct
Per-Duct

ページ8:

Au
No. 355
實用:
8 月號
* Cervical (頸)
*
Thoracic (胸)
Lumbar (腰)
Sacral (薦)
(Coccygeal(尾)
4000-7000
英檢中級/中高級 多益750分
bonec
即
-sensory
Dorsal column v
pathway
12
「Posterior horn
Lateral horn
Anterior horn
gray matter
真空美粉絲團
·veritral columnu
v
Lateral column
-motor pathway white matter
30 bodies
31 spinal nerves
All spinal segments emerge below the vertebra with the same
name, except for the cervical nerves.
leat
P.91
「簽名照
* Gray
matter
-Anterior gray columns ( horns): motor
-Posterior
gray
columns (horns):sensony
Lateral gray columns ( horns): autonomic
* White matter - composed of myelinated and unmyelinated.
herve fibers, neuroglia and blood vessels.
- Ventral: between midline and anterior nerve roots
- Laterial: between anterior and posterior nerve vots
Dorsal : between posterior nerve root and midline
* nerve roots - Anterior root (efferent = motor)
Posterior root lafferent=sensory)
- Dorsal voot ganglion,
.調節神經系統,保持叫在7.31-7.34
* Cerebrospinal fluid-每天不斷生成與代謝(約8hr/次)
(腦脊髓液)
.在腦脊髓蜘蛛膜下腔流动的透明液体
CSF
-提供浮力保護腦、脊髓,調節顱內壓力
1804
·供腦、神經系統cell營養,並帶走廢物
雜誌+互動光碟(含MP3)特價220元
網上廣播、網路商城:www.english4u.net
Amino Acids
Fats
Hormones
Vitamins

ページ9:

可愛的食物
No. 355
三: 4000-7000)
級/中高級 多益 750分
8 月號
實用 Englisn Digest
* Cervical (頸)
bone(s)
segmentis)
8
*
*
Lumbar (腰)
Thoracic (胸)
12
12
5
5
5
Sacral (薦)
(Coccygeal(尾)
30 bodies
28
31 spinal nerves
)
* All spinal segments emerge below the vertebra with the same
name, except for the cervical nerves.
* Gray matter
-Anterior gray columns ( horns): motor
-Posterior gray columns ( horns): sensory
-Lateral gray columns (horns):autonomic
White matter - composed of myelinated and unmyelinated
herve fibers, neuroglia and blood vessels.
e Heat
- Ventral: between midline and anterior nerve roots
-Laterial: between anterior and posterior nerve rats
Dorsal : between posterior nerve root and midline
: nerve roots - Anterior root (efferent = motor)
Posterior root lafferent=sensory)
·Dorsal root ganglion,
-調節神經系統,保持H在7.31-7.34
● * Cerebrospinal fluid-每天不斷生成與代謝(約8hr/次)
SSN "
(腦脊髓液)
CSF
3 有價220元
P.91
(主演簽名照
》
在腦脊髓蜘蛛膜下腔流动的透明液体
-提供浮力保護腦、脊髓,調節顱內壓力
供腦,神經系統(el)營養,並帶走廢物
網上廣播、網路商城:www.english4u.net
1)-
4-
0-
Fats
Hormones
Vitamins